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DOWNLOAD | READ Odds Against Tomorrow () by Nathaniel Rich in PDF, EPUB formats.
Download Free PDF. Download Free PDF. Climate Change Fiction and the Future of Memory: Speculating on Nathaniel Rich's Odds against Tomorrow Author(s): Rick Crownshaw. Resilience, Rick Crownshaw. Download PDF. Download Full PDF Package. This paper. A short summary of this paper. 37 Full PDFs related to this paper. READ PAPER. Climate Change Fiction and the Future of Memory: Odds against tomorrow, p Odds Against Tomorrow, page 1 Select Voice: Brian (uk) Emma (uk) Amy (uk) Eric (us) Also by Nathaniel Rich Part One New York makes one think about the collapse of civilization, about Sodom and Gomorrah, the end of the world. The end wouldn’t come as a surprise here. Many people already bank on it. —SAUL BELLOW Brugada The way other people fantasize about PDF EPUB Download. ; in Fiction ; Nathaniel Rich ; Odds Against Tomorrow. A Novel. Author: Nathaniel Rich. Publisher: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ISBN: Category: Fiction. Page: View: DOWNLOAD NOW» NEW YORK CITY, the near future: Mitchell Zukor, a gifted young mathematician, is hired by a mysterious new financial consulting firm, FutureWorld. The business
Odds against tomorrow nathaniel free download pdf
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Download PDF Download Full PDF Package This paper. A short summary of this paper. Climate Change Fiction and the Future of Memory: Speculating on Nathaniel Rich's Odds against Tomorrow Author s : Rick Crownshaw. Climate Change Fiction and the Future of Memory: Speculating on Nathaniel Rich's Odds against Tomorrow Author s : Rick Crownshaw Source: Resilience: A Journal of the Environmental Humanities, Vol.
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship.
For more information about JSTOR, please contact support jstor. As Christophe Bonneuil and Jan- Baptiste Fressoz argue, it is delusional to regard the conceptualization of the Anthropocene as a period of awakening to the radical changes in Earth systems, the precarity of species human and nonhuman and their environments, levels of waste, toxicity and pollution, and social disintegration brought about by resource and energy depletion and re- This content downloaded from For the inception of the Industrial Revolution also marked the inception of knowledge of its environmental consequences, planetary thinking about such mat- ters, and prognoses as to what industrially driven environmental fu- tures might look like—knowledge that would be subsumed by the as- cendency and prevalence of ideas of security, prosperity, liberty, and the instrumentalization of nature and freedom from its determinants, odds against tomorrow nathaniel free download pdf.
These freedoms were of course predicated on a fossil-fueled modernity Chakrabarty; Bonneuil and Fressoz41— The An- thropocene, then, describes the return and remembrance of knowledge historically dissociated, odds against tomorrow nathaniel free download pdf, but what returns is not just cultural matter but also biological, physical, and chemical matter, as socioeconomic mod- ification of Earth systems and indeed bio-physico-chemical modifi- cations of the socioeconomic manifest themselves cumulatively and latently.
With the systemic generation of feedback loops and the thresh- olds of systemic tipping points crossed, geohistory is anything but lin- ear and progressive. Put otherwise, the collective actions of humanity e. Arguably, this work of cultural memory is exemplified by one quite common variant of the emergent and growing genre of climate change fiction. Climate change fiction is often characterized by the future anterior—the dramatization of that which will have been—in the lit- erary imagination of near-future scenarios of catastrophe and post- catastrophe.
Whether the future emplotted is post apocalyptic and characterized by socioeconomic and ecological collapse and species extinction, or is one of resilience, adaptability, and sustainability, or whether that future is somewhere in between, such fictions stage cul- Resilience Vol.
This literary anticipation of future remembrance also gives narrative presence to that which is subject to cognitive dissonance if not disavowal in the present. This approach to the Anthropocene in general and climate change fiction in particular raises a number of questions around which this es- say will pivot. Given its typical humanist scales, how might the literary work of cultural memory, and indeed the theorization of cultural mem- ory calibrated to those scales, be recalibrated to encompass planetary, ecological disaster?
Perhaps more fundamentally, this is a question of not just what is remembered but how memory is mediated, interpo- lated, and indeed reified.
Such financial practices are part of the ever-growing futures market in which environmental risk has been commodified and by which nations and corporations can insure against their own risks and invest in the financialized and hedged risks faced by others. This financialization of the future may actually suggest a form of thinking that is as global as the disasters that are financialized and as ecological as the imbrication of human and nonhuman worlds made disastrously apparent by such catastrophes.
In other words, this kind of speculation implies a planetary vision and so a possible departure from the typical parochialism of cultural memory and the possibility of a capacious remembrance of how po- tential environmental disasters of the future came to be. Odds Against Tomorrow demonstrates, though, the closing down of this expansive potential when the ecological is wholly subsumed by odds against tomorrow nathaniel free download pdf economic and when futurist thinking serves only to secure hegemonic US interests.
Working for FutureWorld, Zukor pitches pos- sible scenarios of intertwined environmental, geopolitical, and eco- nomic disaster to potential corporate clients and induces sufficient fear to persuade them to insure and indemnify themselves against legal claims to their liabilities in the face of the human costs of catastrophe.
The resolution of the future in protection and profit is not just a matter of forecasting and speculating on that future; it is also a mat- ter of backcasting from those forecasts—of imagining future pasts and thereby how the future was arrived at. Speculation on environmental catastrophe generates speculative narratives structured by the particu- larities of what may happen and why; but as we shall see, those narrated events and their contingencies need at the same time to be rendered ab- stract in order to be commodifiable and fungible.
From the abstractions of the future, backcasting would be structured by the same homogeniz- ing logic, dehistoricizing events through retrospection. The early stages of the novel remind us of the specifically American nature of those mediations, odds against tomorrow nathaniel free download pdf.
Indeed, the escalation of envi- ronmental catastrophe in odds against tomorrow nathaniel free download pdf novel subsumes the impact and, indeed, memory of the terrorist attacks Rich15, However, this is not so much a paradigm shift as a continuation of the national fantasies surrounding Homeland in Security that have a long history, often in- volving the perception of environmental threats, and that are oriented toward both an idealized future and past. Mitchum Huehls adds that the politics and ideology of preemption were designed to gain con- trol of time and restore the temporal continuity of national identity, following the experience of a traumatic temporal dislocation brought about by the terrorist attacks44— Climate change has presented the next threat, the securitization of which serves the purposes of hegemonic affirmation.
Robert Marzec reminds us, odds against tomorrow nathaniel free download pdf, though, that the perception of environmen- tal threat is as old as the idea of American exceptionalism itself and is in fact a constitutional part of that exceptionalism. As inscribed in the Pu- ritan Jeremiad, the self-described moral exceptionalism of the colonial mission, the normalization of crises often generated by the perceived and actual threat of what lay beyond the frontier and all that it sym- Crownshaw: Climate Change Fiction This content downloaded from This does not mean stabilizing the environment, or in this case the climate, but rather adapting to its continued mutation.
We have seen how retrospection and prospection, and indeed the anticipation of retrospection, have been woven into the temporal schemes of the national imaginary and the fantasies it super- intends. The embedding of future time within a novel about the near fu- ture—a telescoping of future time—extends the vantage point of retro- spection, of a future cultural memory of an unfolding Anthropocene.
The work of remembrance undertaken by Odds Against Tomorrow en- tails, then, reaccentuating the culture of finance and security this nov- el emplots, the transvaluation of that culture and its materials to yield countermemorative material, and ultimately the apprehension of cli- mate in counterhegemonic terms.
More than that, odds against tomorrow nathaniel free download pdf, this work must entail a rethinking of the habitual hu- manist boundaries or enclosures of memory work identified, for exam- odds against tomorrow nathaniel free download pdf, by Tom Cohen.
Grievable life is recognized as potentially pre- carious and, in the event of that precarity, would be recognized and re- membered as life. In other words, odds against tomorrow nathaniel free download pdf, life is subject to the anticipation of its future remembrance. To move beyond humanism is to recalibrate the scale s of remem- bering the Anthropocene. The very idea of an anthropogenic, cata- strophic environmental event—its eventness—needs to be rethought, given the ways such events unfold unevenly across time and space, their slowly violent effects often dislocated temporally and spatially from their causes.
In the example of climate change, the feedback loops of these unfolding events turn effects into causes of further climatic transformation; and with atmospheric thresholds crossed and tipping points met, odds against tomorrow nathaniel free download pdf, those transformations can be dramatic, sudden, seem- ingly stochastic, not necessarily predictable, and anything but grad- ual.
So while there is a geological record that demarcates the epochal shift to the Anthropocene, the remembrance of this epoch must also Crownshaw: Climate Change Fiction This content downloaded from If, though, a recalibrated, or deranged, theory of cul- tural memory may be able to conceptualize the scales of climate change, what of the practice of memory?
The question remains as to whether such scalar recalibrations remain a theoretical proposition or a narra- tive possibility. In order to assess that possibility, it is first necessary to explore how the novel form may function memoratively.
Just as the reader reads of past events and makes them quasi-present through the act of reading Curry30, 39 and just as the author weights those events with a significance that renders them narratable and memorable in the future by a narrator looking back at them—an anticipation staged between the time of the narration and the narrated time Curry31 —the read- er encodes events of her life as objects of a possible future memory.
This presentification of the past, given the way it Resilience Vol. In other words, these events are emplotted to be remembered. In other words, the speculative prolep- sis of the novel corresponds with, and perhaps contributes to, the archi- val tendencies beyond the novel and the possibility of a culture of envi- ronmental memory.
While there is no shortage of cultural memories of Hurricane Katrina, what is at issue here is the remembrance of such events as part of an unfolding history of the Anthropocene rather than as exceptional and unique nat- ural disasters—a history more memorable when archived. Despite the archival possibilities yielded by a formalist approach to narrative fiction, cultural memory is of course a matter of form and Crownshaw: Climate Change Fiction This content downloaded from As Ursula Heise might argue, the focus on the theme of risk can sharpen our understanding of literary narrative, but it also lends itself to an understanding of how risk is nar- rated outside the novel.
In other words, the novel form may contribute to an archive of catastrophe and the cultur- al memories it materializes, but the narrativization of risk in cultures of financial capitalism will illuminate the hegemonic futurist thinking that mediates this novel and occasion a rethinking of the significance of knowing the future in advance.
The wider archival effects of structural prolepsis suggest that the en- vironmental catastrophes fictionalized by Rich, and those like them unfolding in the past and present worlds of readers, presage worse to come. While the emplotment of the future may give presence to climate change, is knowing the future in ad- vance tantamount to the teleologies of the environmental futures mar- ket? In other words, the telos and its origin are un- grounded as the excursion forward is to somewhere that precedes the point of departure.
Nevertheless, by virtue of its emplotment of flood and hurricane, and therefore its realization of the profitable prophecies of Zukor, does this novel dehistoricize catastrophe, rendering it fungi- ble on the futures market?
Dehistoricization is fundamental to the futures, or derivatives, mar- ket, of which indemnification against future catastrophe—the business of FutureWorld—is paradigmatic; and here an explanatory digression is needed. Derivatives trading began in the s as a mechanism that enabled the basic operations of global businesses: foreign investment, international trade, and the movement of goods.
Global businesses could hedge against the risk of fluctuations in the currency of an agreed trade, and therefore financial loss, by purchasing an option to buy or sell currency at a particular price at an appointed time in the future. In Marxist terms, odds against tomorrow nathaniel free download pdf, this is a radical shift in the abstraction of social pro- cesses that contextualize the commodification of labor and the com- modification of that which labor produces.
The late twentieth- and early twenty-first-century derivatives market, though, marks a more complete ostensible dematerialization of capital and its historical reality. All derivative pricing models require that all con- crete risks be measured odds against tomorrow nathaniel free download pdf the same scale. Therefore concrete risk is translated into abstract risk, which makes risk fungible exchangeable Crownshaw: Climate Change Fiction This content downloaded from To be more precise about the processes of abstraction, environmental derivatives share much of the logic of scenario planning.
National and international institutions odds against tomorrow nathaniel free download pdf governance, policy making, and finance, as well as global businesses, have used the methodology of scenario plan- ning, particularly since the financial crash of and the terrorist at- tacks ofas a way of assessing and measuring risk.
Scenario plan- ning is not a form of forecasting or predicting. If x had occurred or had notwhat world would we be living in? In the terms of this essay, scenario planning, then, odds against tomorrow nathaniel free download pdf, is a form of futurist memory, a structuring of the future anterior. These discontinu- ities correspond with the difficulties of mapping exactly how, when, and where the effects of climate change—with its feedback loops and self-modifying patterns—will materialize.
That scenario planning is de- Resilience Vol. Given the discontinuities between the past, present, and future in odds against tomorrow nathaniel free download pdf change, upon which financial speculation capitalizes, a further refinement of commodity abstraction is needed to understand the or- chestrations of historical cause and effect that the future anterior of cli- mate odds against tomorrow nathaniel free download pdf fiction has to negotiate, odds against tomorrow nathaniel free download pdf.
The unique events that constitute the unfolding of climate change do not cohere into a dataset from which the relative frequency of future ex- treme weather events can be predicted with certainty, odds against tomorrow nathaniel free download pdf.
His actuarial method is characterized by the narrator as a form of prophecy; and toward the end of the novel, he finds popular and media celebrity as a prophet of disaster Rich70—71, And peak oil millenarianism: electric grid crash; the collapse of industrial ag- riculture, travel and international trade; a return to premodern agrarian life; mass starvation; the wilding of the suburbs. Rich71— Although rhetorically charged, of note here is the interconnectedness of anthropogenic disasters and the ways in which Anthropocenic condi- tions amplify nonanthropogenic catastrophes.
How then to read the novel itself in terms other than scenario planning that underpins the future of capitalism? In terms of memory, how then to anticipate retrospection—and stage the cultural remem- brance of the Anthropocene—from a future not secured financially? When a hurricane hits the East Coast, New York is flooded and ren- dered mostly uninhabitable, and the physical and infrastructural dam- age is immense, not to speak of the human casualty rate.
Zukor survives but chooses not to return to business as usual, and business for Future- World has never been so good—especially as this catastrophe was one of his predictions. Rather, he lives on what is left of Flatlands in the borough of Brooklyn. Although Zukor depends on various pieces of technological equipment donated by his former business partner, his lifeworld—or object world—is mostly structured by his ability to reuse and recycle what was left behind by the wind, odds against tomorrow nathaniel free download pdf, floodwater, and rain.
Indeed, odds against tomorrow nathaniel free download pdf, he dwells in what was once a bank.
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